Car carrying soldiers may have been racing in fiery freeway crash

The Honolulu Advertiser reported:

Funeral services for Mariano “Mel” Melvin Salangdron, a Safety Systems Hawai’i employee who was killed in a fiery crash on the H-1 Freeway on Feb. 13, will be held Saturday at Mililani Mortuary Mauka Chapel.

Salangdron, 49, was riding in a flatbed truck owned by Safety Systems that was doing its regular morning inspection of the freeway section that becomes the Zipper lane for morning commuters. A car slammed into the rear of the truck and burst into flames, killing Salangdron and three Schofield Barracks soldiers. Police believe the two cars carrying the soldiers may have been racing.

 

Conviction stands for soldier who brutally murdered of a prostitute in Waikiki

While searching online for incidents of military crimes in Hawai’i, I came across the following information on a website for the Honolulu City Prosecutor.  While the page was basically a resume for Peter Carlisle, it was one of the few entries that turned up on this particular case. William Conklin, a soldier, was convicted for the brutal murder of a prostitute named Tammy Lynn Hayes in 1985.  Conklin appealed his sentence, and the case went up to the Hawaii Supreme Court. The Hawaii Supreme Court struck down the appeal in 2003.   While the murder took place in 1985, I am entering this post in 2003, since I have no articles from 1985.

State v. Conklin
Murder
Verdict: Guilty as charged
Sentence: Life imprisonment

In Waikiki, Honolulu’s world famous tourist destination, police discovered the body of a prostitute on the floor of her apartment. Several days after the killing a soldier named William Conklin came to the police station and claimed he had witnesses the killing. He said he had been a client of Hayes and that her pimp came into her apartment and attacked her. He claimed he hid in the bathroom of the apartment during the killing due to his fear of the pimp. Police officers noticed injuries to Conklin and photographed them. The injuries appeared to be bitemarks. By this time Tammy Hayes’ body had been shipped to her family in Georgia and buried.

Carlisle sent the photographs of Conklin’s injuries to Dr. Norman “Skip” Sperber, a nationally acclaimed forensic odontologist. From Hawaii, Carlisle orchestrated the exhumation of Tammy Hayes’ body in Georgia. Dr. Sperber flew to Georgia, recovered her jaws and took them to his laboratory in San Diego, California. Dr. Sperber confirmed that the bitemarks on William Conklin appeared to have been inflicted by Tammy Hayes. Dr. Sperber was called to testify during the trial. This was the first time bitemark evidence was accepted by a court and presented to a jury in a criminal case in the State of Hawaii. It was used as the basis of the prosecution’s argument that in that her futile struggle for life Tammy Hayes marked and identified her killer with her teeth.

Carlisle began his opening statement in the trial of Michael Conklin as follows:

Tammy Lynn Hayes spends her mornings, noons, and nights in a wooden coffin. That coffin is buried in Winder Georgia, at the White Plains Baptist church. Surrounding the coffin is a 4,000 pound concrete vault which is airtight and waterproof. So Tammy Hayes’ eternal night is both airless and waterproof. She did not die of disease. She did not die by accident. Her life was taken by a man with a knife. She was, quite literally, butchered alive.

When police discovered her naked body, the first thing they noticed was an eight-inch slashing stab wound across her throat. It went from ear to ear. The wound gaped open so the police could see that her windpipe had been sliced in half. In the middle of her belly there was the handle of a knife. The blade of the knife impaled her intestines.

Tammy Hayes’ body was taken to the city and county morgue. A doctor examined her injuries. There were at least 40 separate stab wounds. As well as the slashing wound to the neck, there were several penetrating wounds to her throat. The wounds went from front to back. One went so deep that it nicked bone in the spinal column at the back of the neck. There were wounds to the chest area. Her left lung was penetrated and a quart of blood poured into it. The left chamber of the heart was pierced. So was the aorta, the main artery of the heart.

But most of the stab wounds were in the stomach area. The path of the knife crisscrossed back and forth so the doctor examining the body would not count all of the wounds. The doctor knows there were at least 40 wounds to the body but it is probable that there were more. Finally, her breasts and her genitals were mutilated.

Tammy Lynn Hayes was a prostitute. She walked the streets of Waikiki and sold her body to men for money. In the world of prostitution, the male customers are called “Johns.” Tammy’s life was taken by her last “John.” He is that man right over there, the defendant in this case. His name is Michael Conklin. Late one rainy night, he carved up a 23-year-old woman.

Source: http://www.co.honolulu.hi.us/prosecuting/peter_carlisle.htm

Oahu may get giant radar

Wednesday, July 16, 2003

Oahu may get giant radar

The military assesses the potential impact of a missile defense dome off Kalaeloa

Associated Press

Mooring a 25-story-tall radar dome and platform a few miles off Kalaeloa in West Oahu would impose only a minor visual impact “comparable to ships passing along the horizon,” according to a military report.

That assessment of the proposed Sea-Based X-Band Radar being developed as part of the nation’s ballistic missile intercept system was included in an environmental impact statement released by the U.S. Missile Defense Agency last week.

The mooring site off Oahu is one of six locations around the Pacific being considered as a home port for the huge radar device that would be towed to various sites during the testing program. The radar is part of a project from the Missile Defense Agency to target and intercept ballistic missiles in flight as a ship- and ground-based defensive shield.

If it is home-ported in Hawaii, the Sea-Based Test X-Band (SBX) radar platform, about the length of a Navy frigate, would spend up to nine months moored either in the Pearl Harbor area or three miles off the old Barbers Point Naval Air Station at Kalaeloa, and would be moved to one of three operational areas in the northern Pacific. It would have a crew of 50 and about another dozen shore-based personnel.

The radar platform and recent tests at the Pacific Missile Range Facility on Kauai are part of plans outlined in December by the Bush administration to have a rudimentary missile defense system ready for use by 2005.

Under the plan, 20 Standard Missile-3 interceptors would be placed aboard three Navy ships with improved versions of the Aegis system which uses radar to detect and track hostile missiles and cue on-board weapons to intercept them.

This sea-based system was outlawed under the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, but President Bush gained the flexibility of testing it when the United States withdrew from the treaty last summer.

The plan also calls for the development of ground-based missile interceptors.

The testing program comes when North Korea, which has a ballistic missile program, claims that it has produced enough plutonium for about a half-dozen nuclear bombs.

North Korea’s missile development program includes the Taepodong-2, a two-stage rocket that some analysts believe could reach Alaska or Hawaii.

Besides Hawaii, other areas being considered for the SBX are at Valdez or Adak in Alaska; Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands; Port Hueneme, Calif.; and the naval station at Everett, Wash.

Civilian authorities in Snohomish County, Wash., have raised concerns about potential adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on health and safety and the radar platform’s imposing size.

Officials in Valdez, Alaska, expressed support for getting the radar.

The EIS reviewed potential environmental effects of a wide range of facilities the agency might build or upgrade as part of a new missile defense testing area recommended by Pentagon planners.

The report does not recommend a particular home port and that decision will be made some time after Aug. 11 by Gen. Ronald Kadish, head of the MDA, after the 30-day comment period on the final draft of the EIS ends, said Maj. Cathy Reardon, spokeswoman for MDA in Arlington, Va.

The $900 million radar uses a finely focused beam to track an incoming ballistic missile in space during the 20 minutes it spends outside the Earth’s atmosphere.

The radar could not be activated off Oahu before an electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic interference survey and analysis is completed, according to the EIS.

During a March public hearing on a preliminary draft of the EIS, Leandra Wai, a Waianae Coast resident, said she was concerned about radar emissions from the SBX platform on top of her ongoing concerns about emissions from military facilities at Kaena Point and Lualualei.

“We’re going to be sitting in radio emissions from radar for the whole length of the coastline,” she said. “Now that feels pretty serious.”

David Hasley, from the Army Space and Missile Defense Command’s environmental office, discounted that concern. “They will make sure there are no hazards to people, period,” he told the March meeting.

“Implementation of Sea-Based Test X-Band Radar operational safety procedures, including establishment of controlled areas, and limitations in the areas subject to illumination by the radar units, would preclude any potential safety hazard to either the public or work force,” the EIS said.

“These limitations would be similar to the existing Ground-Based Radar Prototype on Kwajalein, resulting in no impacts to health and safety,” it said.

The SBX radar is not expected to radiate below 10 degrees above the horizon at the mooring site and the relatively small radar beam would normally be in motion which reduces the potential impact on birds, marine mammals or sea turtles in the area, the EIS said.

“Overall, no adverse impacts to marine mammals or sea turtles are anticipated,” it said.

http://archives.starbulletin.com/2003/07/16/news/index.html

Sailor’s deal angers relative of slain women

Thursday, May 8, 2003

Sailor’s deal angers relative of slain women

The brother/son of the victims is upset that their killer avoids the death penalty

By Gregg K. Kakesako
gkakesako@starbulletin.com

A Singapore man whose sister and mother were killed last summer by a Pearl Harbor sailor is outraged by a plea agreement that limits the admitted killer’s jail time to 30 years.

Kasti Ahmad told the Star-Bulletin by e-mail yesterday that his family was never consulted about the agreement Navy prosecutors made with Petty Officer 2nd Class David DeArmond.

The agreement allowed DeArmond to escape a possible death sentence for killing his wife, Zaleha DeArmond, and his mother-in-law, Saniah Binte Abdul Ghani.

“I am outraged at the plea agreement and the extremely short time that the deal was made without even informing me,” said Ahmad. “Getting a conviction without the usual sentence is a total sellout. I think this is a deal of convenience to shorten the process and to protect other negligent circumstances that led to the death.”

Ahmad added that such a deal would have never happened in Singapore, where his sister, Zaleha DeArmond, and their mother, Abdul Ghani, are from and which is known for its strict judicial system.

DeArmond, 33, a 14-year Navy veteran, agreed to plead guilty to the murder of his mother-in-law and the voluntary manslaughter of his wife.

The plea agreement was accepted Monday by Navy Capt. Michael Hinkley, the military judge presiding over DeArmond’s court-martial. The murder conviction has a maximum sentence of life, while a maximum sentence for manslaughter is 15 years.

However, Lt. Cmdr. James Lucci, the Navy’s lead prosecutor, told Ahmad in an e-mail dated Saturday that the plea agreement limits the maximum prison time to 30 years.

Lucci said in the e-mail: “This agreement is very advantageous for us, the government as well as the defense. We are now guaranteed a conviction for murder, which removes the uncertainty and chance associated with any contested trial.”

It also meant that DeArmond would not face the death penalty, which is not allowed under state law but is permissible in the military.

However, Lucci acknowledged that DeArmond could spend less time in jail because he still has to be sentenced by a jury of at least five sailors and officers.

That will take place during the first week in June.

“Although HT2 (hull technician 2nd class) DeArmond has signed an agreement to limit his sentence to 30 years,” Lucci said, “the military court may sentence him to a shorter or longer sentence.”

However, under the plea agreement, the military judge would have to set aside any prison time longer than 30 years.

Lucci recommended that Ahmad and his family attend the June session to say how “the loss has affected them.” Ahmad said he plans to attend. He also said custody of his sister’s three children should be granted to his family. The children are in a foster home.

Zaleha DeArmond and her mother were killed on the second floor of her townhouse in the early morning hours of June 10 during a domestic argument.

Forensic evidence presented during pretrial hearings disclosed David DeArmond hit his wife about four or five times with an iron skillet.

His mother-in-law tried to stop the argument by attacking DeArmond with a steak knife, which he took away from her and used to stab her 10 times.

Source: http://archives.starbulletin.com/2003/05/08/news/story6.html

Sailor admits to killing wife, having sex with his wife’s dead body

Sailor admits to killing wife, mother-in-law

By B.J. Reyes
ASSOCIATED PRESS

8:03 p.m., May 5, 2003

PEARL HARBOR, Hawaii – A sailor on Monday tearfully admitted to fatally beating his wife with an iron skillet and stabbing his mother-in-law to death at the couple’s home last year.

Petty Officer 2nd Class David A. DeArmond, 32, pleaded guilty to charges of murder, voluntary manslaughter and abuse of a corpse in exchange for prosecutors dropping charges of premeditated murder, which could have resulted in the death penalty.

DeArmond admitted having sex with his wife’s dead body.

Prosecutors dropped charges of attempted rape and obstruction.

“I just want to say I’m sorry for what I’ve done,” DeArmond said. “I accept responsibility.”

The murder charge carries a maximum sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole.

A military jury will decide DeArmond’s sentence. That phase of his general court martial is scheduled to begin in early June.

Attorneys declined comment after Monday’s hearing.

DeArmond’s Singapore-born wife, Zaleha, 31, and her mother, Saniah Binte Abdul Ghani, 66, were found dead June 10 in the couple’s home in a Navy housing complex at Pearl Harbor.

Witnesses testified at a pretrial hearing that the relationship between DeArmond and his wife was strained.

At Monday’s hearing, DeArmond testified that he hit his wife with a skillet during a confrontation in the pre-dawn hours of June 10.

He then testified that his mother-in-law tried to intervene and swung at him with a steak knife, which he disarmed her of and used to stab her.

Though Hawaii doesn’t have the death penalty, murder can be a capital offense under military law depending on the recommendation of the presiding judge.

Source: http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/military/20030505-2003-navy-doubleslaying.html

Soldier turns himself in in Waikiki stabbing

Soldier turns himself in in Waikiki stabbing

A second suspect in a stabbing Saturday turned himself in to police Monday. He was arrested, then released without charges pending investigation.

The suspect, a 36-year-old Schofield Barracks soldier, turned himself in at the Wahiawa Police Station.

Police said the victim, a 29-year-old man, was stabbed in the neck during an argument between four males on Seaside Avenue near the Waikiki Trade Center. The victim was taken to Queen’s Medical Center in critical condition, but improved and has been released.

Police arrested a 30-year-old man at the scene, but released him without charges.

Source: http://archives.starbulletin.com/2003/01/29/news/briefs.html

ABYSS members convicted of sex assault, sentenced to 10 years

According to sources at the Honolulu Police Department, ABYSS is a hip hop group / gang affiliated with the military.

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Wednesday, January 29, 2003

Musicians get 10-year terms for sex assault

Two members of rap music group Abyss that authorities say is involved in prostitution and drug trafficking were convicted yesterday of sexually assaulting a 17-year-old girl in October 1998.

This was a retrial for Marlo Crawley, 31, and Habib Shabazz, 25, accused of participating in what prosecutors characterized as a “gang rape” at a Waikiki hotel room.

Following a jury-waived trial that began Jan. 13, Circuit Judge Sandra Simms found Crawley guilty of second-degree sexual assault and attempted second-degree sexual assault, and immediately sentenced him to 10-year terms to be served at the same time. At the time of his arrest, he was on probation for a firearms offense.

Shabazz was also convicted of second-degree sexual assault and received a 10-year term to be served at the same time as a 10-year term he is already serving for a burglary conviction on the Big Island.

Simms said Crawley was not credible and that his and Shabazz’s version of events were “preposterous.” The defendants had argued that the sex was consensual.

The girl had testified she met the defendants and accompanied them to the hotel room, where they sexually assaulted her with five friends cheering on and passing out condoms.

The two were previously tried and convicted of similar charges in March 2001, but they successfully appealed the conviction on the basis that the prosecutor had prejudiced them by referring to the woman as a “local” girl.

Source: http://archives.starbulletin.com/2003/01/29/news/briefs.html

Sailor faces execution

Thursday, January 9, 2003

Pearl sailor faces execution

The Navy petty officer is accused of killing his Singapore-born wife and mother-in-law

By Gregg K. Kakesako
gkakesako@starbulletin.com

Navy prosecutors will seek the death penalty against a Pearl Harbor sailor who they say killed his Singapore-born wife and her mother.

Rear Adm. Robert Conway, commander of Navy Region Hawaii, decided yesterday that Navy Petty Officer David DeArmond will be court-martialed for allegedly killing his second wife, Zaleha DeArmond, 31, and her mother, Saniah Binte Abdul Ghani, 66, on June 10.

DeArmond, 31, is accused of killing his wife by hitting her on the head with a skillet during an argument in the couple’s two-story home while their three children slept a few feet away. In the second premeditated-murder charge, DeArmond is accused of repeatedly stabbing his mother-in-law with a knife.

DeArmond also is charged with attempting to rape his wife, abusing her body and destroying, tampering and moving evidence from the couple’s townhouse on Leal Place outside Pearl Harbor’s Nimitz Gate.

If prosecutors are successful in seeking the death penalty, DeArmond would be the first Hawaii service member to be executed since statehood.

The Navy said a service member convicted of a capital crime would be executed with a lethal injection administered at Fort Leavenworth, Kan.

Dwight Sullivan, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union in Maryland who specializes in military capital crime cases, said that since 1950 “there have been no executions from court martials held in Hawaii.”

Sullivan said military capital crime cases have been “very rare” since 1997, when the option of life without parole became a possibility.

“Capital crime cases are very expensive,” Sullivan said, “and very difficult to try.”

DeArmond’s court-martial could come within 90 days. Under military regulations, the case must be tried before a panel of at least five military members.

Earle Partington, a local lawyer who specializes in military cases, said the military generally evokes the death penalty in “very heinous cases.

“The classic cases generally involve multiple homicides,” Partington said, “with a rape involved in the crime.”

Partington said he cannot recall any military member being charged with a capital crime since he moved here in 1975.

There are now six men — three Marines and three soldiers — awaiting execution at Leavenworth’s U.S. Disciplinary Barracks. All six on the military’s death row were convicted of premeditated murder or felony murder.

The National Law Journal reports that 35 people have been executed by the Army since 1916. The last military execution was held April 13, 1961, when Army Private John Bennett was hanged after being convicted of rape and attempted murder.

In 1983, the Armed Forces Court of Appeals held in U.S. v. Matthews that military capital sentencing procedures were unconstitutional for failing to require a finding of individualized aggravating circumstances.

In 1984, the death penalty was reinstated when President Ronald Reagan signed an executive order adopting detailed rules for capital courts-martial. Among the rules was a list of 11 aggravating factors that qualify defendants for death sentences.

Only the president has the power to commute a death sentence, and no service member can be executed unless the president personally confirms the death penalty.

Capital punishment was abolished in Hawaii in 1957. However, debate over the issue was renewed recently when a state senator said he would propose that the death penalty be reinstated when a child is murdered.

During a pretrial hearing held in November, witnesses testified that DeArmond believed that his Singapore-born wife was seeing sailors whom she met at a Pearl Harbor “single sailors’ bar,” where she worked as a waitress.

Jeanette William-Wallace, DeArmond’s first wife, testified that DeArmond was afraid to divorce his second wife because he was fearful that she would leave him and flee to Singapore, taking with her the couple’s children, Danny, 5, Courtney, 3, and Brandon, 2. The children are now living with foster parents.

DeArmond, 33, is a hull technician assigned to the Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard.

His wife’s family members in Singapore have said they thought that she wanted to leave her husband because he was abusive.

She met DeArmond in San Diego while on a trip, and the two were married in 1996. Saniah was killed a day before she was supposed to return to Singapore.

Zaleha DeArmond’s 90-year-old father also had been living with the couple until he returned to Singapore in January.

Zaleha DeArmond had sought a restraining order May 3, saying her husband trashed the dining table until it broke, threw away the Quran, tossed their wedding photo in the toilet and threatened her.

DeArmond’s current enlistment was supposed to expire on Dec. 7 but has been placed on hold pending the outcome of the double homicide charges. He has been in the Navy for 13 years.
Schofield held execution in 1947

Star-Bulletin staff

One of the last reported military executions here occurred in 1947 at Schofield Barracks.

On April 22, 1947, Army Pvt. Garlon Mickles, 19, was hanged for beating and raping a female War Department employee on Guam a year earlier. “Death came 20 minutes after the trap door was sprung,” the Honolulu Star-Bulletin reported, noting the soldier mounted the Schofield Barracks gallows at 6:45 a.m. at a place called execution gulch.

The newspaper reported the Missouri man seemed to have accepted his fate: His final hours were spent in “gay spirits,” the provost marshal said. At 5:30 a.m., Mickles sat in the Schofield Barracks stockade eating sweet rolls and drinking coffee.

On the gallows, when he thought the noose was properly placed around his neck, Mickles made a last request to the guards: that his mother be informed he “died like a man.”

Source: http://archives.starbulletin.com/2003/01/09/news/story1.html

Child prostitution in Wahiawa – driven by military demand?

Wednesday, June 20, 2001

3 teens caught in prostitution sting

The youngest arrested is a 13-year-old girl from Wahiawa

By Nelson Daranciang
ndaranciang@starbulletin.com

Donovan Dela Cruz was shocked to learn that three teenagers were arrested this weekend for prostitution in Wahiawa.

“What is this world coming to? That’s disgusting,” said Dela Cruz, chairman of the Wahiawa Neighborhood Board.

Police on Saturday arrested a 15-year-old Wahiawa boy, a 14-year-old Waianae girl and a 13-year-old Wahiawa girl at Lakeview Circle just off Wilikina Drive.

Police released the teenagers into the custody of their parents.

“There’s a reason there are underage girls prostituting themselves in Wahiawa,” said Kelly Hill. “There’s a demand for child sex.”

Hill is executive director of Sisters Offering Support, a private, nonprofit organization that provides prostitution prevention and intervention programs through education and awareness.

She says a big factor in the demand is the large, established transient male population nearby at Schofield Barracks.

As if to emphasize that point, just after the teenagers were arrested, two military men were arrested in the same spot soliciting an undercover policewoman posing as a prostitute.

The U.S. Defense Department in 1996 announced a program of anti-child prostitution briefings for members of the military.

The briefings are offered to soldiers when they arrive for duty at Schofield Barracks, said Capt. Stacy Bathrick, Army spokeswoman.

But Hill claimed that End Child Prostitution, Pornography and Trafficking, a national anti-child prostitution organization, has said the Defense Department has been unable to determine how many servicemen have heard the briefing.

Hill said the national organization found service members who never even heard of the program.

Donovan said he was shocked not just by the age of the teenagers, but also the location of their arrest.

He said most street prostitutes can be found on Olive Avenue, but they have become less visible since the city designated Wahiawa a “prostitution-free zone.”

The designation imposes a mandatory 30-day jail sentence on offenders caught a second time within the zone’s boundaries.

Saturday’s arrests were the result of a sting operation prompted by community complaints, police said.

Hill said she cannot remember the last time juveniles were arrested for street prostitution. But she says thousands of minors are involved in some form of prostitution on Oahu.

“I hope they’re going to be referred to us for help,” said Hill. “I just hope that with this arrest involving minors, people realize we need to be getting the perpetrators.”

Source: http://archives.starbulletin.com/2001/06/20/news/story7.html

Infamy Indeed

This author’s critical review of John Gregory Dunne’s 2001 New Yorker article “The American Raj: Pearl Harbor as Metaphor” is typical of apologists for American Empire.   Somehow the fact that the U.S. illegally invaded and occupied the independent Hawaiian Kingdom is excusable because the U.S. occupiers were not as brutal as the Japanese.

Infamy Indeed

John Gregory Dunne suggests imperialistic Americans got what they deserved at Pearl Harbor

John Wilson | posted 5/01/2001 12:00AM

Exactly seven months from today, Americans will mark the 60th anniversary of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. A number of media events will surround that occasion, including a Tom Brokaw-hosted TV special. But even now the commemoration is underway. If you’ve been to a movie theater lately, you’ve probably seen the trailer for “Pearl Harbor,” a cinematic extravaganza scheduled to open on Memorial Day.

As if to launch a preemptive strike on the pieties of official ceremonies, the self-conscious gravity of documentaries, and the high-tech confections of Hollywood, John Gregory Dunne has written a piece for the May 7 issue of The New Yorker, an acid-penned article called “The American Raj: Pearl Harbor as Metaphor.”

Like his wife, Joan Didion, Dunne is a superb writer motivated above all by a hatred of cant, hypocrisy, and self-serving naivete. Whatever the subject of a particular work by Dunne, whether it be fiction or nonfiction, the ultimate purpose is the same: to show How Things Really Are, to rub his readers’ noses in it, and to expose the falseness of this or that comfortable illusion.

The primary illusion Dunne intends to expose in the New Yorker piece is nothing less than the myth of American exceptionalism. That is the master lie, so to speak, from which many smaller lies follow. Hence his title, “The American Raj,” which one would have thought was clear enough. But just in case some reader misses the point, Dunne’s piece appears under a kicker, “Annals of Empire,” which drives the lesson home: the United States rules over an empire, gotten by hook or by crook, just as the British did in India. The American sense of a distinctive national virtue is repugnant, and dangerous to boot.

Take the case of Pearl Harbor. In his deft, sardonic narrative, Dunne pictures the U.S. Navy of that era (prewar and wartime too) as a “feudal” domain in which the ethos of the American Raj appeared in an especially concentrated, virulent form. “Implicit in the idea of a Raj,” Dunne writes, “is a subject people, a question of color.” So the Navy, and particularly the Navy in Hawaii, was characterized by a smugly vicious racism. Dunne quotes from memoirs by Navy brass, newspapers of the period, and similar sources that speak contemptuously of the “mixed blood” hordes that contaminated Hawaii.

In a one-paragraph aside, Dunne argues that “racial condescension was matched by arrogance in tactical matters”; the U.S. fleet was woefully unprepared for the surprise attack at Pearl Harbor because the Navy systematically underestimated the Japanese, and did so because as Americans they were convinced of their racial superiority. The implication is that the arrogant racist American dunderheads more or less got what was coming to them when the Japanese planes appeared on the horizon early in the morning of December 7, 1941.

But that is not his main thrust, and quickly we move into territory familiar to readers of Dunne’s fiction, as he retells the story of the notorious Massie case, which began in September 1931 with the alleged abduction and rape of a Navy wife by five “half-breed hoodlums.” Apart from the moral issues-the handling of the case reflected racial condescension and arrogance in full measure-the story is full of the sort of bizarre detail Dunne relishes (as in his extraordinary account of the Teena Brandon case, published several years ago in The New Yorker), and the savage gusto of the telling rather overwhelms the ostensible point of the anecdote.

What was that point, exactly? No doubt there are Americans somewhere to be found who stubbornly refuse to acknowledge the reprehensible deeds that are part of the national heritage. Still, wouldn’t the much more common view be that yes, America is far from perfect, but in the conflict between the American empire and the Japanese empire, say, or the “evil empire” of the Soviet Union, as Ronald Reagan called it, there was no moral equivalence?

Is it relevant, for instance, to consider what the Japanese occupiers in the early 1930s-the time of the Massie incident-were routinely doing to Koreans, whose country they had taken over just a decade or so after the United States took over Hawaii? Would it be relevant to compare notions of racial, ethnic, and national superiority as found in the American popular press of the 1930s, and reflected in the U.S. Navy, with similar sources from Japan during the same period?

Not at all, Dunne might say. His case doesn’t require idealizing the Japanese; he merely needs to expose the myth of American virtue. I wonder. The differences between the empire of the Stars and Stripes and the empire of the Rising Sun seem quite profound. Acknowledging the import of those differences does not entail an uncritical, arrogant Americanism, but it suggests that the traditional understanding of Pearl Harbor is fundamentally correct.

John Wilson is editor of Books & Culture and editor-at-large for Christianity Today.

Source: http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2001/mayweb-only/5-7-11.0.html?start=1